Human Acetylcholinesterase is an alpha-beta protein consisting of 337 amino acids. It's primary role within the human body is to breaks down acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid to prevent continued muscle contraction in the absence of additional nervous stimulation.
AChE is the target the organophosphorus insecticides such as parathion and malathion, all of which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme. Depressed levels of acetylcholinesterase activity is a sensitive indicator of exposure to these agents.
It is also the target of anti-Alzheimer's drugs such as tacrine, which are reversible inhibitors of the enzyme.
Raised levels of AChE in amniotic fluid are indicative of foetal neural tube defects.
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